CVE-2025-54481
Libbiosig buffer overflow
- Published25 Aug 2025
Description
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 8744 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 3: else if (tag==3) { // character code char v[17]; // [1] if (len>16) fprintf(stderr,"Warning MFER tag2 incorrect length %i>16\n",len); curPos += ifread(&v,1,len,hdr); v[len] = 0; In this case, the overflowed buffer is the newly-declared `v` \[1\] instead of `buf`. Since `v` is only 17 bytes large, much smaller values of `len` (even those encoded using a single octet) can trigger an overflow in this code path.
CVSS 3.1 breakdown
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HAffected products
Remediation
References
Related CVEs
Recent high-severity vulnerabilities sharing a weakness type.
Frequently asked
Is CVE-2025-54481 being actively exploited?
CVE-2025-54481 is not in the CISA KEV catalog. A public exploit reference exists, so treat it as exploitable. Its EPSS exploit probability is 0.71%.
How severe is CVE-2025-54481?
CVE-2025-54481 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8, rated critical. EPSS estimates a 0.71% probability of exploitation.
Which products are affected by CVE-2025-54481?
Affected products include Libbiosig.
How do I fix CVE-2025-54481?
Upgrade affected software to a fixed version, for example Libbiosig 3.9.1 or later, then confirm no affected versions remain in your inventory.
How Secuno handles this
Secuno correlates vulnerabilities like CVE-2025-54481 against the real software inventory on every managed device, every day. Rather than a static severity, each match is scored in context: exploit availability, EPSS, the asset's exposure, and business criticality decide where it lands in the queue. If an affected version is present anywhere across your portfolio, it surfaces automatically with a prioritised remediation path.
Data from the NVD, CISA KEV catalog and FIRST EPSS. CVSS 3.1 base score shown where available.