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CVE-2025-54487

Libbiosig buffer overflow

9.8 CRITICALPublic exploitEPSS 0.68%
  1. Published25 Aug 2025

Description

A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 8842 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 12: else if (tag==12) //0x0C { // sampling resolution if (len>6) fprintf(stderr,"Warning MFER tag12 incorrect length %i>6\n",len); val32 = 0; int8_t v8; curPos += ifread(&UnitCode,1,1,hdr); curPos += ifread(&v8,1,1,hdr); curPos += ifread(buf,1,len-2,hdr); In addition to values of `len` greater than 130 triggering a buffer overflow, a value of `len` smaller than 2 will also trigger a buffer overflow due to an integer underflow when computing `len-2` in this code path.

CVSS 3.1 breakdown

Attack vectorNetwork
Attack complexityLow
Privileges requiredNone
User interactionNone
ScopeUnchanged
ConfidentialityHigh
IntegrityHigh
AvailabilityHigh
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected products

Libbiosig< 3.9.1

Remediation

Fixed in
Libbiosig≥ 3.9.1

References

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Frequently asked

Is CVE-2025-54487 being actively exploited?

CVE-2025-54487 is not in the CISA KEV catalog. A public exploit reference exists, so treat it as exploitable. Its EPSS exploit probability is 0.68%.

How severe is CVE-2025-54487?

CVE-2025-54487 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8, rated critical. EPSS estimates a 0.68% probability of exploitation.

Which products are affected by CVE-2025-54487?

Affected products include Libbiosig.

How do I fix CVE-2025-54487?

Upgrade affected software to a fixed version, for example Libbiosig 3.9.1 or later, then confirm no affected versions remain in your inventory.

How Secuno handles this

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Data from the NVD, CISA KEV catalog and FIRST EPSS. CVSS 3.1 base score shown where available.