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CVE-2026-40342

Firebirdsql Firebird code injection

9.9 CRITICALPublic exploitEPSS 0.84%
  1. Published17 Apr 2026

Description

Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.

CVSS 3.1 breakdown

Attack vectorNetwork
Attack complexityLow
Privileges requiredLow
User interactionNone
ScopeChanged
ConfidentialityHigh
IntegrityHigh
AvailabilityHigh
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected products

Firebirdsql Firebird≥ 4.0.0 < 4.0.7 · ≥ 5.0.0 < 5.0.4 · < 3.0.14

Remediation

Fixed in
Firebirdsql Firebird≥ 4.0.7

References

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Frequently asked

Is CVE-2026-40342 being actively exploited?

CVE-2026-40342 is not in the CISA KEV catalog. A public exploit reference exists, so treat it as exploitable. Its EPSS exploit probability is 0.84%.

How severe is CVE-2026-40342?

CVE-2026-40342 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.9, rated critical. EPSS estimates a 0.84% probability of exploitation.

Which products are affected by CVE-2026-40342?

Affected products include Firebirdsql Firebird.

How do I fix CVE-2026-40342?

Upgrade affected software to a fixed version, for example Firebirdsql Firebird 4.0.7 or later, then confirm no affected versions remain in your inventory.

How Secuno handles this

Secuno correlates vulnerabilities like CVE-2026-40342 against the real software inventory on every managed device, every day. Rather than a static severity, each match is scored in context: exploit availability, EPSS, the asset's exposure, and business criticality decide where it lands in the queue. If an affected version is present anywhere across your portfolio, it surfaces automatically with a prioritised remediation path.

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Data from the NVD, CISA KEV catalog and FIRST EPSS. CVSS 3.1 base score shown where available.