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CVE-2026-40453

Apache Camel remote code execution

9.9 CRITICALEPSS 1.89%
  1. Published27 Apr 2026

Description

The fix for CVE-2025-27636 added setLowerCase(true) to HttpHeaderFilterStrategy so that case-variant header names such as 'CAmelExecCommandExecutable' are filtered out alongside 'CamelExecCommandExecutable'. The same setLowerCase(true) call was not applied to five non-HTTP HeaderFilterStrategy implementations: JmsHeaderFilterStrategy and ClassicJmsHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-jms, SjmsHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-sjms, CoAPHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-coap, and GooglePubsubHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-google-pubsub. Because those strategies use case-sensitive String.startsWith('Camel'/'camel') filtering while the Camel Exchange stores headers in a case-insensitive map, an attacker with JMS (or equivalent) producer access to the broker consumed by a Camel route can inject case-variant Camel internal headers, which are then resolved by downstream components such as camel-exec and camel-file using their canonical casing. This enables remote code execution and arbitrary file write on routes that forward JMS messages to header-driven components. This issue affects Apache Camel: from 3.0.0 before 4.14.6, from 4.15.0 before 4.18.2, from 4.19.0 before 4.20.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.20.0, which fixes the issue. If users are on the 4.14.x LTS releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.14.6. If users are on the 4.18.x releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.18.2.

CVSS 3.1 breakdown

Attack vectorNetwork
Attack complexityLow
Privileges requiredLow
User interactionNone
ScopeChanged
ConfidentialityHigh
IntegrityHigh
AvailabilityHigh
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected products

Apache Camel≥ 3.0.0 < 4.14.6 · ≥ 4.15.0 < 4.18.2 · 4.19.0

Remediation

Fixed in
Apache Camel≥ 4.14.6

References

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Frequently asked

Is CVE-2026-40453 being actively exploited?

CVE-2026-40453 is not in the CISA KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit probability is 1.89%.

How severe is CVE-2026-40453?

CVE-2026-40453 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.9, rated critical. EPSS estimates a 1.89% probability of exploitation.

Which products are affected by CVE-2026-40453?

Affected products include Apache Camel.

How do I fix CVE-2026-40453?

Upgrade affected software to a fixed version, for example Apache Camel 4.14.6 or later, then confirm no affected versions remain in your inventory.

How Secuno handles this

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Data from the NVD, CISA KEV catalog and FIRST EPSS. CVSS 3.1 base score shown where available.